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Judgment
Names,"Direct recruitment as Assistant
Professor on 4.6.2003",,"Promotion as
Associate
Professor on
1.7.2003","Direct Recruitment as Additional
Professor on 23.9.2005",,"Promotion as
Professor on
1.7.2010",,
,Merit List,Seniority,Seniority,Merit List,Seniority,Seniority,,
D r Shiv K
Choudhary
(Respondent No. 4)",First,First,First,First,First,First,,
Dr U K Chowdhury
(Petitioner No. 2)",Second,Second,Second,Second,Second,Second,,
Dr A K Bisoi
(Petitioner No. 1)",Third,Third,Third,Third,Third,Third,,
,,,,,,,,
Dr. Bisoi
(Petitioner No.1",A+,A+,A+,A+,A+,,A+,A+
While analysing the grievance of the petitioners, a striking aspect of the matter which has emerged before the Court is that the fixation of the",,,,,,,,
order of seniority as between the petitioners and the Fourth respondent, pursuant to their selection as Additional Professors on 23 September",,,,,,,,
2005 has been examined on several occasions by the Governing Body of the First respondent. They include the following:,,,,,,,,
(i) At the 147th meeting of the Governing Body on 14 April 2012, it was resolved thus:",,,,,,,,
The Governing Body considered the representation submitted by Dr A K Bisoi and Dr U K Choudhary. It also considered the judgment of",,,,,,,,
the Delhi High Court of 9th February 2012 in the case filed by Dr Dilip Kumar Parida. After examining all aspects including the Institute,,,,,,,,
Body''s Resolution dated 15.1.1997, the advice of the Director, the representation submitted by Dr A K Bisoi and Dr U K Choudhary, the",,,,,,,,
Governing Body decided that inter se seniority of Dr Shiv Kumar Choudhary, Dr U K Choudhary and Dr A K Bisoi would be maintained",,,,,,,,
as had been recommended by the Standing Committee in the year 2005.;,,,,,,,,
(ii) The First petitioner continued to represent his grievance. On 22 October 2012, the Governing Body in its 148th meeting resolved that a",,,,,,,,
Committee consisting of (i) The Health Secretary; (ii) Director, AIIMS; and (iii) Dr S P Agrawal would examine the facts/records and place its",,,,,,,,
report before it. Based on the report of the Committee, the Governing Body resolved at its 149th meeting held on 19 July 2013 thus:",,,,,,,,
It was accordingly decided not to make any changes nor to redefine seniority of the 3 Professors which was decided by then GB on the",,,,,,,,
basis of the recommendations of SSC.""",,,,,,,,
(iii) On 12 May 2014, the Governing Body revisited the issue at its 151st meeting and resolved thus:",,,,,,,,
After discussion, the Governing Body reiterated its decision taken in the 149th meeting of G.B. held on 19th July, 2013. It was unanimously",,,,,,,,
decided that, this matter need not be discussed again,"" ;",,,,,,,,
(iv) Subsequently, the Union Health Minister directed AIIMS administration to once again bring the matter relating to the seniority of the first",,,,,,,,
petitioner before the ensuing meeting of the Governing Body. Following this at the 153rd meeting of the General Body which was held on 22 June,,,,,,,,
2016, the earlier decisions were noted and the following decision was taken:",,,,,,,,
The Governing Body considered the issues involved in the seniority among Professors in the Department of CTVS. The Governing Body",,,,,,,,
noted the earlier decisions. It was decided that the matter may be explained through a communication by AIIMS to the Ministry and be,,,,,,,,
placed before HFM cum The President, AIIMS for his consideration.""",,,,,,,,
Pursuant to the above decision, a communication was addressed to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare on 10 October 2016 stating thus:",,,,,,,,
The Standing Selection Committee is the final arbitrator and interpreter of the Institute Body guidelines in the matter of selections. It",,,,,,,,
implements the guidelines within the statutory limitation taking into consideration not only the performance at the time of interview but also,,,,,,,,
overall assessment of the candidates including the curriculum vitae submitted by the candidates in the application form. The Standing,,,,,,,,
Selection Committee, in this case, has placed Prof. (Dr) Shiv Choudhary above Prof. (Dr.) A.K. Bisoi.""",,,,,,,,
The above narration indicates that since April 2012, the consistent position which has been maintained by the First respondent is in line with the",,,,,,,,
order of merit which was recommended by the Selection Committee by which the Fourth respondent was placed above the petitioners when they,,,,,,,,
were selected for appointment as Additional Professors.,,,,,,,,
On 14 October 2014, a communication was addressed to the Director of the First respondent by the Union Ministry of Health and Family",,,,,,,,
Welfare, in exercise of its powers under Section 25 of the AIIMS Act, 1956. The directive was in the following terms:",,,,,,,,
3.In view of above, the institute is directed under Section 25 of AIIMS Act 1956 to examine the issue of fixation of seniority amongst the",,,,,,,,
three professors in the Department of CTVS, AIIMS, New Delhi who were appointed as direct recruits to the post of Additional",,,,,,,,
Professors in CTVS, AIIMS, New Delhi based on the recommendations of the Standing Selection Committee meeting held on 12.9.2005",,,,,,,,
and fix the seniority strictly in accordance with the policy decision of Institute Body in 1997 in correct order.""",,,,,,,,
The above directive under Section 25 required the First respondent to examine the issue of seniority amongst the three professors in the,,,,,,,,
department of CTVS. The directive refers to the appointment of the three professors based on the recommendations of the Standing Selection,,,,,,,,
Committee of 12 September 2005. Seniority was required to be determined ""strictly"" in accordance with the policy decision of the institute of",,,,,,,,
1997.,,,,,,,,
In compliance with the directive, the First respondent informed the Union government by a letter dated 18 February 2015 thus:",,,,,,,,
This issue had been placed before the governing body first in its meeting held on 16.1.2012 and as desired by the GB, the issue was again",,,,,,,,
placed before it on 14.4.201. It was decided by the GB that the inter se seniority among Dr S K Choudhary, Dr U K Chowdhury and Dr A",,,,,,,,
K Bisoi would be examined as had been recommended by the Standing Selection Committee in the year 2005.,,,,,,,,
Further, the Governing Body in its meeting held on 22.10.2012 while considering action taken report on the recommendation of previous",,,,,,,,
GB meeting took place note of representations of Dr A K Bisoi and decided that a committee consisting of Health Secretary, Director",,,,,,,,
AIIMS and Dr S P Agarwal would examine the facts/records and place their report before the Governing Body.,,,,,,,,
Accordingly, the committee under the chairmanship of Sh P K Pradhan, then Secretary, Health examined the issue but express their inability",,,,,,,,
to comment on the recommendations on the Standing Selection Committee, stating that the committee does not have the mandate to review",,,,,,,,
the decision of the Standing Selection Committee as per the guidelines approved by the,,,,,,,,
Institute Body in its meeting held on 18.9.1997. The committee however, observed that the issue of seniority becomes relevant only for",,,,,,,,
becoming Head of the Department and therefore, they have stressed the need to implement the decision of the Governing Body in its",,,,,,,,
meeting held on 16.1.2012 regarding rotation of headship. The issue of rotating headship requires wider consideration.,,,,,,,,
The recommendation of the committee under the Health Secretary was placed before the Governing Body in its meeting held on,,,,,,,,
22.10.2012 where in it was decided neither to make any changes nor to re-define seniority of the three professors which was decided by,,,,,,,,
the G.B. on the basis of recommendation on Standing Selection Committee.,,,,,,,,
In pursuance of the Section 25, of AIIMS Act, 1956 directives to fix inter se seniority among Dr S K Choudhary, Dr Ujjwal Kumar",,,,,,,,
Choudhary and Dr A K Bisoi stands decided as per the decision of the Governing Body dated 23.9.2005, 14.4.2012 and 22.10.2012.""",,,,,,,,
In response to a further query of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare dated 31 March 2015, the First respondent clarified the matter on",,,,,,,,
23 September 2015 in the following terms :,,,,,,,,
The recommendations of the Selection Committee were approved by the Governing Body in its meeting held on 23.9.2005 and thereafter",,,,,,,,
these three faculties were appointed as Additional Professor. The seniority of direct recruit faculty is determined in the order of merit in,,,,,,,,
which they are recommended by the Selection Committee. As per the recommendations of the Selection Committee as stated above, Dr S",,,,,,,,
K Choudhary is senior to Dr U K Chowdhury who is senior to Dr A K Bisoi...,,,,,,,,
Regarding the other two queries, it is informed that Dr S K Choudhary, Dr U K Chowdhury and Dr A K Bisoi were initially appointed as",,,,,,,,
Assistant Professor at the Institute. All these were promoted as Associate Professor under Assessment Promotion Scheme before they,,,,,,,,
were considered for the position of Additional Professor under direct recruitment quota in 2005. The seniority among these three faculties in,,,,,,,,
the grades of Assistant Professor and Associate Professor were in the same order as in the post of Additional Professor i.e. Dr S K,,,,,,,,
Choudhary is senior to Dr U K Chowdhury who is senior to Dr A K Bisoi.""",,,,,,,,
The Union government had in terms of its directive dated 14 October 2014 required the First respondent to examine the issue of inter se,,,,,,,,
seniority in accordance with the policy decision of 1997. The directive did not mandate that the First petitioner rank senior to the Fourth,,,,,,,,
respondent. After due examination of the matter, the Union government was informed that the order of selection recommended by the Selection",,,,,,,,
Committee in 2005 and approved by the General Body was maintained.,,,,,,,,
The Court is confronted in the present case with a situation in which recruitment to the post of Additional Professor was carried out in 2005.,,,,,,,,
That was well over 12 years ago. The petitioners have instituted these proceedings under Article 32 in November 2017 to question the order of,,,,,,,,
ranking made by the Selection Committee on 12 September 2005. There is no cogent explanation for this belated recourse to legal remedies. The,,,,,,,,
petitioners cannot legitimately explain the delay on their part merely by contending that they were representing to the First respondent to remedy,,,,,,,,
their grievances. The petitioners may have believed in good faith that the AIIMS administration would pay heed to their grievances. They had a,,,,,,,,
sympathetic ear of the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. But twelve years is too long a period, by any means, to not seek recourse to",,,,,,,,
judicial remedies. As the narration of facts would indicate, the Governing Body had on 14 April 2012 decided to maintain the order of merit in",,,,,,,,
terms of which the Fourth respondent was ranked first, above the two petitioners. Even thereafter, a three member committee was constituted by",,,,,,,,
the Governing Body in October 2012 and a decision was once again taken on 19 July 2013 to maintain the order of seniority. This was reiterated,,,,,,,,
on 12 May 2014 and 22 June 2016. The petitioners were thus aware of the consistent position which was adopted by the First respondent. The,,,,,,,,
delay on their part in seeking recourse to their legal remedies must weigh against them. At this stage it would be manifestly unfair to unsettle the,,,,,,,,
inter se seniority between the three Professors in the CTVS department by reopening the recommendation made by the Selection Committee in,,,,,,,,
2005.,,,,,,,,
In holding that an unexpected delay on the part of the petitioners would disentitle them to relief, we place reliance on a judgment of this Court",,,,,,,,
in State of Uttaranchal v. Shiv Charan Singh Bhandari, 2014(1) S.C.T. 303 : (2013) 12 SCC 179. The learned Chief Justice, after adverting to the",,,,,,,,
settled position of law in that regard, observed thus:",,,,,,,,
We are absolutely conscious that in the case at hand the seniority has not been disturbed in the promotional cadre and no promotions",,,,,,,,
may be unsettled..the respondents chose to sleep like Rip Van Winkle and got up from their slumber at their own leisure, for some reason",,,,,,,,
which is fathomable to them only. But such fathoming of reasons by oneself is not countenanced in law. Anyone who sleeps over his right is,,,,,,,,
bound to suffer."" (Id at page 185)",,,,,,,,
Remaining oblivious to the factum of delay and laches and granting relief is contrary to all settled principles and even would not",,,,,,,,
remotely attract the concept of discretion. We may hasten to add that the same may not be applicable in all circumstances where certain,,,,,,,,
categories of fundamental rights are infringed. But, a stale claim of getting promotional benefits definitely should not have been entertained by",,,,,,,,
the Tribunal and accepted by the High Court."" (Id at page 186)",,,,,,,,
There has to be an element of repose and a stale claim cannot be resuscitated.,,,,,,,,
The issue of making selections ""transparent and more participatory"" at AIIMS was entrusted to a sub-committee formed for that purpose in",,,,,,,,
1997. The suggestions of the sub-committee, together with administrative comments, were placed before a meeting of the Institute body as",,,,,,,,
Agenda Item 5 on 15 January 1997. The agenda note inter alia contain the following proposal:,,,,,,,,
In order to make the selections transparent and more participatory, it is proposed that all the members of the Selection Committee as well",,,,,,,,
as the technical experts should be asked to give confidentially gradings/markings of each candidate in the following manner,,,,,,,,
1) A+,,,,,,,,
2) A,,,,,,,,
3) B+,,,,,,,,
4) B,,,,,,,,
5) C,,,,,,,,
The gradings given by all the members of the Selection Committee and technical experts should be placed before the Chairman of the,,,,,,,,
Selection Committee and final selection of the candidate will be made on the basis of gradings/markings given by the members of the,,,,,,,,
Selection Committee and the technical experts as mentioned above. In case, there is a tie in the gradings in respect of any candidate, the",,,,,,,,
final decision for the selection of the candidate, should rest with the Chairman of the Selection Committee after discussion with other",,,,,,,,
members of the Selection Committee.,,,,,,,,
If the above method is applied for making the final selection of the candidates, then there is no need for the technical experts to continue to",,,,,,,,
sit in the Selection till a final decision is mad. In this way, the confidentiality of the selected candidate will be maintained. The members of the",,,,,,,,
Selection Committee and the technical experts will specifically be asked to give the gradings in respect of each and every candidate as,,,,,,,,
mentioned above. The same procedure should be applied in case of candidates who are appearing under the Assessment Promotion,,,,,,,,
Scheme.""",,,,,,,,
(emphasis supplied),,,,,,,,
The suggestions of the sub-committee and the administrative comments were approved. Subsequently on 15 April 1997, it was found that",,,,,,,,
there was a disparity between the recommendations of the sub-committee and the administrative comments. On 18 September 1997 a,,,,,,,,
modified set of administrative comments was brought before the Institute body. The modified comments inter alia stated thus:,,,,,,,,
(i) All the members of the Selection Committee as well as the Technical Experts may be asked to give, confidentially, gradings/markings to",,,,,,,,
each candidate in the following manner :-,,,,,,,,
a) A+,,,,,,,,
b) A,,,,,,,,
c) B+,,,,,,,,
d) B,,,,,,,,
e) C,,,,,,,,
(ii) The gradings given by all the members of the Selection Committee and the Technical Experts, may be placed before the Chairman,",,,,,,,,
Selection Committee and final selection of the candidates may be made on the basis of the gradings/markings given by the Members of the,,,,,,,,
Selection Committee and the Technical Experts as mentioned above. In case, there is a ''tie'' in the gradings in respect of any candidate, the",,,,,,,,
final decision for the selection in case of such a candidate may rest with the Chairman of the Selection Committee after discussions with,,,,,,,,
other Members of the Selection Committee.""",,,,,,,,
(emphasis supplied),,,,,,,,
The minutes of 18 September 1997 were approved in a meeting held on 17 June 1998.,,,,,,,,
The above extract indicates that the gradings allocated by the members of the Selection Committee and the technical experts are to be placed,,,,,,,,
before the Chairman of the Selection Committee and the final selection of the candidates ""may be made"" on the basis of the gradings/markings of",,,,,,,,
the members of the committee and the technical experts. The expression ""may be made"" has been approved in place of ""will be made"" as recorded",,,,,,,,
earlier.,,,,,,,,
The judgment of the Delhi High Court in Dr Dilip Kumar Parida v AIIMS (supra) holds that the view of the experts who are co-opted in the,,,,,,,,
selection process is only advisory and that the members of the Standing Selection Committee of AIIMS are not bound by their opinion:,,,,,,,,
AIIMS besides being a statutory body is a specialized body and having provided for a constitution of a Standing Selection Committee,",,,,,,,,
we are in agreement with the contentions on behalf of the respondent No. 5 that the role of the experts co-opted in the section process is,,,,,,,,
merely advisory and the members of the Standing Selection Committee are not bound by the opinion of the experts and are entitled to,,,,,,,,
evaluate the applicants for the various posts independently of the same.,,,,,,,,
We may mention that the experts co-opted in the selection process are intended to evaluate the academic aspects of the candidates,,,,,,,,
while on the other hand the Standing Selection Committee is concerned not only with the academic aspect but also with the other,,,,,,,,
parameters viz. of suitability, demeanour, adaptability etc.""",,,,,,,,
The above statement of position in the judgment of the Delhi High Court should not be read to suggest that the experts who are co-opted as part,,,,,,,,
of the Selection Committee have no role and that the other members have to decide on the selection, independently of their views. Experts are co-",,,,,,,,
opted in order to ensure that the Selection Committee is broad-based; that the selection is objective; and that the experience and knowledge of,,,,,,,,
experts drawn from outside provides a valuable input in the ultimate decision. The policy adopted in 1997 indicates that the final selection may be,,,,,,,,
made on the basis of the grading/marking given by the Members of the Selection Committee and the technical experts. Where there is a tie, the",,,,,,,,
decision rests with the Chairperson, after discussion with other members of the Selection Committee. We cannot subscribe to the contention of the",,,,,,,,
petitioners that it is only a tie which can be resolved by the Chairperson and in all other cases, the Committee is obliged to make its selection on a",,,,,,,,
mathematical summation of grades. The fact that selection ''may be made'' (this expression being in substitution of ''will be made'') on the basis of,,,,,,,,
the grading given by the members of the Selection Committee and the technical experts suggests that the determination of merit is not merely a,,,,,,,,
mechanical totalling of grades allotted. The Selection Committee has to act objectively. This undoubtedly requires giving due credence to the view,,,,,,,,
of the experts. But while doing so, it must have due regard to all relevant aspects bearing on the interest of the institution. The Selection Committee",,,,,,,,
has to assess the credentials of the candidates which would include the service profile of the candidate. It is in this sense that the Delhi High Court,,,,,,,,
has to be construed to mean that while the views of the experts co-opted to the Selection Committee constitute a valuable perspective and input,",,,,,,,,
they cannot be regarded as binding. The members of the Selection Committee would have to consider the views of the experts and to evaluate,,,,,,,,
them together with all other relevant circumstances.,,,,,,,,
In the present case, the record of the court indicates that while making its recommendations for appointment to the post of Additional",,,,,,,,
Professor, the Selection Committee had borne in mind the performance of the candidates, their records as well as the opinion of the technical",,,,,,,,
experts. The minutes of the meeting of 12 September 2005 indicate that the views of the technical experts were considered. To re-evaluate what,,,,,,,,
took place well over twelve years ago would neither be feasible nor appropriate. The policy decision of 1997 indicates that the gradings given by,,,,,,,,
all the members of the Selection Committee and the technical experts are to be placed before the Chairman of the Selection Committee and the,,,,,,,,
final selection ""may be made"" on the basis of the gradings/markings given by the members of the Selection Committee and the technical experts.",,,,,,,,
The Selection Committee which was constituted in 2005 considered the issue of selection and inter se ranking of the selected candidates. In,,,,,,,,
making its final recommendation in regard to their order of merit, upon appointment as Additional Professors, the Selection Committee had due",,,,,,,,
regard to relevant matters including the performance of the candidates, their records and the opinion of the experts. Hence, the ranking which has",,,,,,,,
been assigned cannot be regarded as being in breach of the policy decision of 1997. It would be iniquitous to unsettle the position of seniority, over",,,,,,,,
twelve years after the petitioners and the Fourth respondent were selected as Additional Professors. Even thereafter, when each of them has been",,,,,,,,
promoted as a Professor, it is the Fourth respondent who has been ranked higher than the petitioners.",,,,,,,,
For the above reasons, we have come to the conclusion that the grant of relief would unsettle the inter se seniority between the petitioners and",,,,,,,,
the Fourth respondent well over twelve years since the recommendation of the Selection Committee for appointment as Additional Professors.,,,,,,,,
This cannot be done. Some expressions of opinion in favour of the First petitioner in the departmental processes may have engendered a sense of,,,,,,,,
hope. But that cannot furnish a legal ground to unsettle something that has held the field for long years. We close the proceedings with the,,,,,,,,
expectation that these distinguished doctors will pursue their avocations at AIIMS without rancour. Our decision on seniority is no reflection upon,,,,,,,,
their distinguished service to a premier national institution.,,,,,,,,
The Writ Petition shall accordingly stand dismissed. There shall be no order as to costs.,,,,,,,,