Vishnu Dhakad And Others vs State Of Madhya Pradesh And Others

Rajeev Kumar Shrivastava, J

State counsel has submitted that the complainant/respondent No. 2 has been informed about the hearing of this criminal appeal.

This first criminal appeal under Section 14-A (2) of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act has been filed against the

order dated 05/12/2020 passed by Special Judge (Atrocities), Guna in Bail Application No.1375/2020 by which the anticipatory bail application of the

appellant was rejected.

Appellant is apprehending his arrest in connection with Crime No.365/2020 registered at Police Station Dharnavada, District Guna for offences under

Sections 323, 294, 506 and 34 of IPC and Sections 3(1)(r), 3(1)(s) and 3(2)(va) of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities

Act).

Learned counsel for the appellants Vishnu Dhakad and Tofan Singh submits that appellants have not committed any offence. They have been falsely

implicated. Appellants are the permanent residents of Guna district and in case of grant of bail, there is no chance of their absconsion. On these

grounds, learned counsel for the appellants prayed to grant benefit of anticipatory bail to the appellants or directions be issued in the light of the

decision rendered by the Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of Arnesh Kumar Vs. State of Bihar, (2014) 8 SCC 273.

Learned Public Prosecutor for the respondent/State opposed the prayer and prayed to reject this criminal appeal.

Heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the case diary. However, considering the principles laid down by the Supreme Court in the case of

Arnesh Kumar (supra), it is directed that in offences involving punishment upto seven years imprisonment the police may resort to the extreme step of

arrest only when the same is necessary and the petitioner does not cooperate in the investigation. The petitioner should first be summoned to

cooperate in the investigation. If the petitioner cooperates in the investigation then the occasion of his arrest should not arise.

For ready reference and convenience the guidelines laid down by the Supreme Court in the case of Arnesh Kumar (Supra) are enumerated below:-

7.1. From a plain reading of the provision u/S.41 Cr.P.C., it is evident that a person accused of an offence punishable with imprisonment for a term

which may be less than seven years or which may extend to seven years with or without fine, cannot be arrested by the police officer only on his

satisfaction that such person had committed the offence punishable as aforesaid. A police officer before arrest, in such cases has to be further

satisfied that such arrest is necessary to prevent such person from committing any further offence; or for proper investigation of the case; or to

prevent the accused from causing the evidence of the offence to disappear; or tampering with such evidence in any manner; or to prevent such person

from making any inducement, threat or promise to a witness so as to dissuade him from disclosing such facts to the court or the police officer; or

unless such accused person is arrested, his presence in the court whenever required cannot be ensured. These are the conclusions, which one may

reach based on facts.

7.2. The law mandates the police officer to state the facts and record the reasons in writing which led him to come to a conclusion covered by any of

the provisions aforesaid, while making such arrest. The law further requires the police officers to record the reasons in writing for not making the

arrest.

7.3. In pith and core, the police officer before arrest must put a question to himself, why arrest? Is it really required ? What purpose it will serve ?

What object it will achieve ? It is only after these questions are addressed and one or the other conditions as enumerated above is satisfied, the power

of arrest needs to be exercised. Before arrest first the police officers should have reason to believe on the basis of information and material that the

accused has committed the offence. Apart from this, the police officer has to be satisfied further that the arrest is necessary for one or the more

purposes envisaged by sub-clauses (a) to (e) of clause (1) of Section 41 Cr.P.C.

Another provision i.e. Section 41-A Cr.P.C. aimed to avoid unnecessary arrest or threat of arrest looming large on the accused requires to be

vitalised. This provision makes it clear that in all cases where the arrest of a person is not required under Section 41(1) Cr.P.C., the police officer is

required to issue notice directing the accused to appear before him at a specified place and time. Law obliges such an accused to appear before the

police officer and it further mandates that if such an accused complies with the terms of notice he shall not be arrested, unless for reasons to be

recorded, the police officer is of the opinion that the arrest is necessary. At this stage also, the condition precedent for arrest as envisaged under

Section 41 Cr.P.C. has to be complied and shall be subject to the same scrutiny by the Magistrate as aforesaid.

In view of above, present criminal appeal is disposed of in the light of law laid down by Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of Arnesh Kumar (Supra).

Prosecution is hereby directed to comply with the direction issued by Hon'ble Apex Court in Arnesh Kumar (supra) in its letter & spirit.

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