Queen-Empress vs VirappaChetti

The Second-Class Magistrate has acquitted the accused in these two cases of an offence u/s 283, Indian Penal Code, on the ground that the

encroachment, if such there be, does not cause any ''danger, obstruction or annoyance'' to the public.

It may be that Section 283 is inapplicable in the absence of evidence that danger, obstruction or injury was caused to any particular person, but

the acts of the accused clearly fell within the definition of a ''public nuisance'' in Section 268, Indian Penal Code, and was, therefore, punishable u/s

290.

The public is entitled to the use of the full width of the public street, however wide it may be. Whoever appropriates any part of the street by

building over it infringes the right of the public quad the part built over. The act must necessarily cause obstruction to persons who may have

occasion to use their public right over the part encroached upon.

The Second-Class Magistrate has not decided whether the land built over was in fact part of the public street or was their own private land as

pleaded by the accused. We, therefore, set aside the acquittals in both cases, and direct that the accused be re-tried and charges against them be

disposed of according to law.

Ordered accordingly.